7P:075 Educational Psychology and Measurement

Study guide for Exam II

Chapter 6: Behavioral views of learning

Classical conditioning:

Given an example of classical conditioning, you should be able to identify the components (US, UR, etc.)

Should understand:

generalization

discrimination

extinction

Operant conditioning:

be able to discriminate examples of types of reinforcement and punishment (see Figure 6.1, p. 208)

should understand the effects of reinforcement schedules

be able to identify instances of reinforcement schedules (see Table 6.1, p. 209)

Applied behavioral analysis:

understand and be able to identify instances of

Premack principle

positive practice

satiation

social isolation

response cost

token reinforcement system

Understand criticisms of behavioral methods

Chapter 7: Cognitive views of learning

Understand major distinctions between behavioral and cognitive approaches

Information processing model of memory

understand the properties of sensory registers, STM, and LTM

understand processes of chunking, elaboration, and forgetting

Understand the point of these hypothesized memory structures (i.e., what are they trying to explain?):

propositional networks

schemata

scripts

Levels of processing theory

Serial position effect

Understand the rationale for mneumonic aids and be able to identify examples of:

keyword

loci

chaining

Chapter 8: Complex cognitive processes

Understand critiques of methods of teaching problem solving and instructional alternatives (class notes)

Concept learning, including:

the point of negative examples

strategies for teaching

Understand characteristics of and be able to distinguish examples of:

discovery learning (guided discovery)

expository teaching

understand the difference between rule-eg and eg-rule

Transfer of learning

Chapter 9: Social cognitive and constructivist views of learning

Social learning/cognitive theory:

understand the components of observational learning

understand the notion of vicarious reinforcement and reciprocal determinism

Distinguish different types of constructivism

Distinguish different perspectives on knowledge construction

Understand how constructivism and situated learning are different from information processing perspectives

Understand the characteristics (elements) of constructivist perspectives

Understand the major characteristics of:

Inquiry learning

Problem-based learning

Instructional conversations

Cognitive apprenticeships

FCL (Fostering Communities of Learners)

pp. 492-500

Cooperative learning:

understand the elements of cooperative learning

misuses of cooperative learning

understand the strategies of:

Jigsaw

Reciprocal questioning

pp. 440-451

teacher-directed instruction, including:

seatwork and homework

group discussion

pp. 457-465

examples of constructivist (student-centered) teaching

understand rationale for and strategies of reciprocal teaching