Italian II: Realisms in Italian Literature, Art and Cinema from 1800 on

Session Coordinator: Lodovica Guidarelli

Department of French and Italian, UW – Madison

lguidarelli@wisc.edu

 

 

"Un corpo di donna che pensa":  Feminist Realism in Historical Perspective

 

Drawing upon Dacia Maraini's metapoetic reflections and critical writings, this paper examines how her early works--commonly considered the most prominent example of so-called "feminist realism"--address women's passage from lack of social memory (the pre-history of hypercorporeality) to historical awareness.

 

Cinzia Sartini Blum

The University of Iowa

cinzia-blum@uiowa.edu

 

 

“The Reality of Realism in Post-WWII Italian Painting: The Case of Il Fronte Nuovo delle Arti

 

This paper will reconsider the nature of realism in Italian painting immediately after the Second World War.  Post-WWII realism has been considered most often in relation to the neorealist filmmaking of de Sica, Visconti, and their contemporaries.  However, the discourse surrounding (neo)realism in Italian painting was equally fraught with formal innovation and political tensions and is, this paper will argue, a site of profound epistemological contention during Italy’s entrance into the Cold War.

Considering the case of Il Fronte Nuovo delle Arti, Italy’s first postwar artists’ group (1946-50), this paper will argue that the binary construct of realism and abstraction seriously obfuscates the actual practice of painters and sculptors during this period.  The short and contentious life of the Fronte Nuovo offers new insight into the dynamics that shaped Italian artistic production following the fall of Fascism.  Beginning with Mario de Micheli’s 1944 text “Realism and Poetry,” this paper will examine works by Renato Guttuso, Emilio Vedova, Ennio Morlotti, and Armando Pizzinato and trace the ways in which differing understandings of realism made of painting a battleground upon which the ideological battles of the Cold War were initially fought.

This paper will return to the works and texts produced during this period in search of an unencumbered language with which to understand Italian painting during this period, thus subverting the binarist methodologies of the Cold War and undoing the Manichean opposition of realism and abstraction that has contoured art historiography for over a half a century.

 

Adrian R. Duran

Memphis College of Art

aduran@mca.edu

 

 

“The Art of Low Culture: Garrone'sfatti di cronaca’”

 

Garrone remains an odd director who simultaneously draws inspiration from low culture while rising to the level of auteur with a cinema that narrates psycho-physical atmospheres. In the two films investigated in this paper, L’imbalsamatore and Primo amore, Garrone based the storylines on ‘fatti di cronaca’. The former tells of the mysterious, if not squallid, death of a midget taxidermist who had been employed by the Mafia; in the latter, a contemporary Nosferatu manipulates the bodily trasformation of a woman. The conception of Primo amore, in fact, came to Garrone after he had viewed an episode of Maledette storie, the true-crime drama series on RAI 3.

 

Though, at first glance, both films share the commonality of being sordid pulp thrillers, that exploit real-life horror, they become a genre of the new Italian ‘noir’ (an Antonionian noir ‘in color’ that picks up where Deserto rosso left off). Garrone’s films resist being reduced to the narrative mechanisms of genre, as we have seen in contemporary detective fiction and pulp stories, whose authors are content to be making a self-reflexive, intertextual statement on form and less content with exploring narrative solutions. Even as Garrone fashions his own style, he avoids sentimentality, preferring to focus on the bonds between characters, as well as those between characters and place. In this sense, Garrone’s colors and shadows narrate a visual poetry not found in today’s contemporary Italian cinema. Like Antonioni and Pasolini, he pares down his dialogue to the essential, the bare, so that the combination of mise-en-scène and montage creates a series of images that represent the relationship between the mind and the body. Garrone has also partaken of the Italian heritage of neorealism, as he cast his ‘bodies’ for their immediate, organic connection with their environment. Yet his investigations remain psychological and social explorations, not political ones. Through his characters, we trace the alchemy of the human psyche as it concerns itself with desire and transformation and struggles to find balance in the body. These noirs represent Garrone’s filmic vision which offers promising narrative solutions for the expression of that struggle.

 

Gregory M. Pell

Hofstra University

Gregory.M.Pell@hofstra.edu