Administration on Aging. (1990). Alcoholism in elderly Native Americans, focus of AOA grants. Aging, 361, 53-54.

Allen, K. R. & Chin-Sang, V. (1990). A lifetime of work: The context and meanings of leisure for aging Black women. Gerontologist, 30, 734-740.

Andrews, M. (1999). The seductiveness of agelessness. Ageing and Society, 19, 301-318.

Angel, J. L. (2000). Coming of age: Minority elders in the United States. Gerontologist, 40, 502- 507.

Angel, R. J., Angel, J. L., Lee, G., & Markides, K. S. (1999). Age at migration and family dependency among older Mexican immigrants: Recent evidence from the Mexican American EPESE. Gerontologist, 39, 59-65.

Applewhite, S. L. (1998). Culturally competent practice with elderly Latinos. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 30, 1-15.

Aranda, M. P. (1990). Culture-friendly services for Latino elders. Generations, 14, 55-57.

Aranda, M. P., & Knight, B. G. (1997). The influence of ethnicity and culture on caregiver stress and coping process: A sociological review and analysis. Gerontologist, 37, 342-354.

Arber, S., & Ginn, J. (1991). The invisibility of age: Gender and class in later life. Sociological Review, 39, 261-291.

Author. (2001). Women, African Americans, and people with low-income comprise most affected population. Women's Health Weekly, 18-19.

Barker, J. C., & Morrow, J. (1998). Gender, informal social support networks, and elderly urban African Americans. Journal of Aging Studies, 12, 199-222.

Biegel, D. E., Farkas, K. J., & Song, L. (1997). Barriers to the use of mental health services by African American and Hispanic elderly persons. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 29, 23-44.

Black, H. K. (1999). Life as gift: Spiritual narratives of elderly African American women living in poverty. Journal of Aging Studies, 13, 441-455.

Bowles, J. & Kington, R. S. (1998). The impact of family function on health of African American elderly. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 29, 337-347.

Bowman, K. F., & Landefeld, C. S. (1998). Strain in African American and White American caregivers of hospitalized elderly. Research on Aging, 20, 547-567.

Browne, C. V. (1995). Empowerment in social work practice with older women. Social Work, 40, 358-363.

Butler, R. N. (1993). Dispelling ageism: The cross-cutting intervention. Generations, 17, 75-78.

Cagney, K. A., & Agree, E. (1999). Racial differences in skilled nursing care and home health use: The mediating effects of family structure and social class. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 54B, S223-S236.

Calusanti, T. M. (1992). Theorizing about gender and aging: Beginning with the voices of women. Gerontologist, 32, 280-282.

Choi, N. G. (1999). Living arrangements and household compositions of elderly couples and singles: A comparison of Hispanics and Blacks. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 31, 41-61.

Cohen, E. S. (2001). The complex nature of ageism: What is it? Who does it? Who perceives it? Gerontologist, 41, 576-577.

Conway-Turner, K. (1995). Inclusion of Black studies in gerontology courses: Uncovering and transcending stereotypes. Journal of Black Studies, 25, 577-588.

Delgado, M., & Tennstedt, S. (1997). Puerto Rican sons as primary caregivers of elderly parents. Social Work, 42, 125-134.

Dietz, T. L., John, R., & Roy, L. C. (1998). Exploring intra-ethnic diversity among four groups of Hispanic elderly: Patterns and levels of service utilization. Intergenerational Journal of Aging and Human Development, 46, 247-266.

Dilworth-Anderson, P. (1992). Extended kin networks in Black families. Generations, 16, 29-32.

Dilworth-Anderson, P., & Williams, S. W. (1999). The context of experiencing emotional distress among family caregivers to elderly African Americans. Family Relations, 48, 391-396.

Dilworth-Anderson, P., Williams, S. W., & Cooper, T. (1999). Family caregiving to elderly African Americans: Caregiver types and structures. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 54B, S237-S241.

Dorfman, R., Walters, K., Burke, P., Hardin, L., Karanik, T., Raphael, J., & Silverstein, E. (1995). Old, sad, and alone: The myth of the aging homosexual. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 24, 29-44.

Emlet, C. A. (1996). Case managing older people with AIDS: Bridging systems-recognizing diversity. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 27, 55-71.

Fisher, B. J. (1992). Exploring ageist stereotypes through commercial motion pictures. Teaching Sociology, 20, 280-284.

Fullmer, E. M., Shenk, D., & Eastland, L. J. (1999). Negating identity: A feminist analysis of the social invisibility of older lesbians. Journal of Women and Aging, 11, 131-148.

Gaskin, D. J., & Hoffman, C. (2000). Racial and ethnic differences in preventable hospitalization across 10 states. Medical Care Research and Review, 57, 85-107.

Grant, L. D. (1996). Effects of ageism on individual and health care providers' responses to healthy aging. Health and Social Work, 21, 9-15.

Hays, J. C., Fillenbaum, G. G., Gold, D. T., Shanley, M. C., & Blazer, D. G. (1995). Black- White and urban-rural differences in stability of household composition among elderly persons. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 50B, S301-S311.

Himes, C. L., Hogan, D. P., & Eggebeen, D. J. (1996). Living arrangements of minority elders. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 51B, S42-S48.

Hossain, Z. (2001). Division of household labor and family functioning in off-reservation Navajo Indian families. Family Relations, 50, 255-261.

Irwin, S. (1999). Later life, inequality, and sociological theory. Ageing and Society, 19, 691-715.

Jett, K. (2002). Making the connection: Seeking and receiving help by elderly African- Americans. Qualitative Health Research, 12, 373-387.

Joseph, J. (1997). Fear of crime among Black elderly. Journal of Black Studies, 27, 698-717.

Kail, B. L., & De La Rosa, M. (1998). Challenges to treating the elderly Latino substance abuser: A not so hidden research agenda. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 30, 123-141.

Kelchner, E. S. (1999). Ageism's impact and effect on society: Not just a concern for the old. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 32, 85-100.

Killion, C. M. (2000). Extending the extended family for homeless and marginally housed African American women. Public Health Nursing, 17, 346-354.

Kornblum, J. (1997). Gay and gray. Advocate, 737, 46-48.

Langer, N. (1995). Ethnogerontological curriculum: What should we teach and how should we teach it? Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 11, 49-66.

McAuley, W. J. (1998). Historical and contextual correlates of parallel services for elders in African American communities. Gerontologist, 38, 445-455.

MacDonald, B. (1989). Outside the sisterhood: Ageism in women's studies. Women's Studies Quarterly, 25, 47-52.

Mares, M., & Cantor, J. (1992). Elderly viewer's responses to televised portrayals of old age. Communication Research, 19, 459-478.

Mendes de Leon, C. F., Gold, D. T., Glass, T. A., Kaplan, L., & George, L. K. (2001). Disability as a function of social networks and support in elderly African Americans and Whites: The Duke EPESE 1986-1992. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 56B, S179-S190.

Mercer, S. D. (1996). Navajo elderly people in a reservation nursing home: Admission predictors and culture care practices. Social Work, 41, 181-189.

Merriam, S. B., & Mohamad, M. (2000). How cultural values shape learning in older adulthood: The case of Malaysia. Adult Education Quarterly, 51, 45-63.

Miller, B., Campbell, R. T., Furner, S., Kaufman, J. E., Li, M., Maramatsu, N., & Prohaska, T. (1997). Use of medical care by African American and White older persons: Comparative analysis of three national data sets. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 52B, S325-S335.

Milne, A., & Williams, J. (2000). Meeting the mental health needs of older women: Taking social inequality into account. Ageing and Society, 20, 699-723.

Miner, S. (1995). Racial differences in family support and formal service utilization among older persons: A nonrecursive model. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 50B, S143-S153.

Moon, A., Lubben, J. E., & Villa, V. (1998). Awareness and utilization of community long-term care services by elderly Korean and non-Hispanic White Americans. Gerontologist, 38, 309-316.

Morrissey, S. (1998). Resources and characteristics of elderly women who live alone. Health Care for Women International, 19, 411-421.

Mui, A. C. (1992). Caregiver strain among Black and White daughter caregivers: A role theory perspective. Gerontologist, 32, 203-212.

Musick, M. A. (1996). Religion and subjective health among Black and White elders. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37, 221-237.

Musick, M. A., Koenig, H. G., Hays, J. C., & Cohen, H. J. (1998). Religious activity and depression among community-dwelling elderly persons with cancer: The moderating effect of race. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 53B, S218-S227.

Mutran, E. J., Sudha, S., Desai, T., & Long, K. (2001). Satisfaction with care among elderly African American and White residents of adult care facilities. Research on Aging, 23, 61-82.

Paz, J., & Aleman, S. (1998). The Yaqui elderly of Old Pascua. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 30, 47-59.

Peek, M. K. (2000). Race, aging, and care. Research on Aging, 22, 117-142.

Phillips, J. (1995). Ethnic minority elderly people. Ageing and Society, 15, 423-426.

Quam, J. K., & Whitford, G. S. (1992). Adaptation and age-related expectations of older gay and lesbian adults. Gerontologist, 32, 367-374.

Reio, T. G. Jr., & Sanders-Reio, J. (1999). Combating workplace ageism. Adult Learning, 11, 10-13.

Rodin, J., & Langer, E. (1980). Aging labels: The decline of control and the fall of self-esteem. Journal of Social Issues, 36, 12-29.

Rosenfeld, D. (1999). Identity work among lesbian and gay elderly. Journal of Aging Studies, 13, 121-144.

Rosenwaike, I., & Hill, M. E. (1996). The accuracy of age reporting among elderly African Americans. Research on Aging, 18, 310-324.

Seiple, D. (2001). Aging out. Gay and Lesbian Review, 8, 43-44.

Sharpe, P. A. (1995). Older women and health services: Moving from ageism toward empowerment. Women and Health, 22(3), 9-23.

Shernoff, M. (1998). Gay widowers: Grieving and relation to trauma and social supports. Journal of the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association, 2, 27-33.

Silverstein, M., & Chen, X. (1999). The impact of a acculturation in Mexican American families on the quality of adult grandchild-grandparent relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61, 188-198.

Sotomayer, M., & Garcia, A. (1993). Elderly Latinos: Issues and solutions for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Hispanic Council on Aging.

Spence, S. A. (1993). Rural elderly African Americans and service delivery: A study of health and social service needs and service accessibility. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 20, 187-202.

Strumpf, N. E., Glicksman, A., Goldberg-Glen, R. S., Fox, R. C., & Logue, E. H. (2001). Caregiver and elder experiences of Cambodian, Vietnamese, Soviet Jewish, and Ukrainian refugees. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 53, 233- 253.

Sudha, S., & Mutran, E. J. (1999). Ethnicity and eldercare. Research on Aging, 21, 570-594.

Torres-Gil, F. M., & Kuo, T. (1998). Social policy and the politics of Hispanic aging. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 30, 143-158.

Tran, T. V., & Dhooper, S. S. (1996). Ethnic and gender differences in perceived needs for social services among three elderly Hispanic groups. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 25, 121-147.

Tran, T. V., & Dhooper, S. S. (1997). Poverty, chronic stress, ethnicity, and psychological distress among elderly Hispanics. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 27(4), 3-19.

Tran, T. V., & Williams, L. F. (1998). Poverty and impairment in activities of living among elderly Hispanics. Social Work in Health Care, 26(4), 59-78.

Vinton, L. (1999). Working with abused older women from a feminist perspective. Journal of Women and Aging, 11, 85-100.

Wallace, D. C., & Fields, B. L. (1999). Use of home and community based services by elderly Black and White families. Journal of Women and Aging, 11(4), 5-20.

Wallace, S. P., Campbell, K., & Lew-Ting, C. (1994). Structural barriers to the use of formal in- home services by elderly Latinos. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 49B, S253- S263.

Wallace, S. P., Levy-Storms, L., & Ferguson, L. R. (1995). Access to paid in-home assistance among disabled elderly people: Do Latinos differ from non-Latino Whites? American Journal of Public Health, 85, 970-975.

Wallace, S. P., Levy-Storms, L., Kington, R. S., & Andersen, R. M. (1998). The persistence of race and ethnicity in the use of long-term care. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 53B, S104-S112.

Walls, C. T. (1992). The role of church and family support in the lives of older African Americans. Generations, 16(3), 33-36.

White-Means, S. I., & Thornton, M. L. (1996). Well-being among caregivers of indigent Black elderly. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 27, 109-128.

Wilson, G. (2001). Conceptual frameworks and emancipatory research in social gerontology. Ageing and Society, 21, 471-487.

Wolfe, K. (1997). Help for aging gays and lesbians. Progressive, 61, 14-15.

Yee, B. (1990). Gender and family issues in minority groups. Generations, 14(3), 39-42.

Yee, B., & Weaver, G. D. (1994). Ethnic minorities and health promotion: Developing a culturally competent agenda. Generations, 18(1), 39-44.

Yee, B. (1992). Elders in Southeast Asian refugee families. Generations, 16(3), 24-27.